Analisa Kelengkapan Penulisan Resep dari Aspek Kelengkapan Resep di Apotek Kota Pontianak Tahun 2012

Kelengkapan resep merupakan aspek yang sangat penting dalam peresepan karena dapat membantu mengurangi terjadinya medication error. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kelengkapan resep tahun 2012 pada enam apotek di kota Pontianak. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif, dilakukan secara retrospektif terhadap resep. Pemilihan apotek sebagai sampel berdasarkan pada kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi yang ditetapkan oleh peneliti. Metode pengambilan sampel resep dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode quota sampling, didapatkan sebanyak 6.777 resep. Resep diolah dan dievaluasi kelengkapan resep sesuai dengan literatur. Hasil data resep yang ditinjau dari aspek kelengkapan resep tahun 2012 pada enam apotek kota Pontianak didapatkan rata-rata persentase resep yang lengkap hanya 7,89%. Aspek kelengkapan resep yang belum terpenuhi terdapat 4,12% tidak mencantumkan nama dokter, 0,99% tidak mencantumkan alamat praktik dokter, 26,29% tidak mencantumkan (SIP) dokter, 5,86% tidak mencantumkan tanggal penulisan resep, 4,88% tidak mencantumkan tanda R/ pada resep, 0,04% tidak mencantumkan nama setiap obat dan komposisinya, 1,45% tidak mencantumkan aturan pemakaian obat, 71,36% tidak mencantumkan tanda tangan atau paraf dokter, 1,99% tidak mencantumkan nama pasien, 18,00% tidak mencantumkan alamat pasien untuk resep narkotika dan psikotropika, serta 50,58% tidak mencantumkan umur pasien. Dari data tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa masih banyak ditemui resep yang tidak memenuhi aspek kelengkapan resep di apotek kota Pontianak sehingga dikhawatirkan dapat memicu terjadinya medication error

Analisa dan Perancangan Aplikasi Pengolahan Nilai Siswa pada SMP Negeri 10 Pangkalpinang

Proses pengelolaan nilai pada SMP Negeri 10 pangkalpinang ini masih belum terkomputerisasi sehingga banyak mengalami keterlambatan dalam penyajian data terutama dalam data siswa, data nilai, rekap nilai, raport dan laporan. Untuk itu penulis mencoba mengatasi dengan melakukan pengendalian sistem pengolahan nilai dengan cara membuat sistem terkomputerisasi yaitu sistem pengelolaan nilai dengan tujuan supaya mengefisienkan dari segi waktu dan biaya. Adapun hasil sistem usulah yang ingin dicapai dengan adanya sistem terkomputerisasi ini supaya mempermudah dalam pengolahan data, pencarian data nilai, penyimpanan data dan mempelajari tata cara pengolahan data yang lebih efisien, dan mengimplementasikan sistem pengolahan data nilai. Metode yang digunakan dalam tahap pengolahan data nilai ini adalah menggunakan konsep UML, pengelolaan data base menggunakan MQSL. Dalam datahap perancangan menggunakan pemrograman visual versi 8

Penerimaan Informasi Dampak Penambangan Pasir Bagi Kerusakan Lingkungan Hidup di Kalangan Penambang Pasir Ilegal di DAS Jeneberang Kabupaten Gowa

Illegal mining has been disturbing residents, its consequences such as damage to buildings , damage to land and as well as the threat of landslides . This study aims to determine how the process of receiving information in the sand miners on the impact of mining activities on the environment in the watershed Jeneberang Gowa . The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative , observation and interviews with respondents directly to key informants consisting of 6 -party BLHD Gowa and 2 representatives of the illegal miners who are still active and is no longer active . Selects respondents intentionally ( purposive ) with predetermined criteria . Data were analyzed based on the Elaboration Likelihood Theory of Richard Petty and John T. Cacioppo . Based on the research results , admission information among miners became a boomerang attributed to the weak argument given the BLHD . Weak arguments given to the audience with high motivation in elaborating the message will turn on the rejection message is given so persuasive attitude change is difficult to achieve . This study suggests that the delivery of information about environmental damage through persuasive message carried Regional Environmental Agency to the miners do not achieve the goal of changing the behavior of the miners to stop illegal mining and the need to take into account the credibility of the communicator and the audience trust the communicator, as well as strength message in the process of providing information

The Effect of Coffee and Salt on Elderly Restriction with Hypertension

Introduction: One of elderly's problem in Health Center Karambitan II Tabanan Bali was hypertension. Elderly usually likes or has a habit consuming coffee and salty food everyday. This study was used a pre-experimental one group pre-post test design. The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of consumption limitation of coffee and salt on vital sign in elderly with hypertension. The subjects were elderly with hypertension which stay with their family who lived at Karambitan II Tabanan Bali Health Center region. Method: There were 28 samples which recruited by using total sampling who met to the inclusion criteria. Data were analyzed by using Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test, with significance level α≤0.05. Result: The result showed that there was an effect of consumption limitation of coffee and salt on systolic blood pressure (p=0.00000), diastolic blood pressure (p=0.00000) and heart rate (p=0.00000). Discussion: It can be concluded that there was an effect of consumption limitation of coffee and salt to decrease blood pressure and heart rate in elderly with hypertension who lived at Karambitan II Tabanan Bali Health Center regio. Community nurses should give health education for elderly in public health center periodically for reducing incidence of hypertension

Growth in systems of vesicles and membranes

We present a theoretical study for the intermediate stages of the growth of membranes and vesicles in supersaturated solutions of amphiphilic molecules. The problem presents important differences with the growth of droplets in the classical theory of Lifshitz-Slyozov-Wagner, because the aggregates are extensive only in two dimensions, but still grow in a three dimensional bath. The balance between curvature and edge energy favours the nucleation of small planar membranes, but as they grow beyond a critical size they close themselves to form vesicles. We obtain a system of coupled equations describing the growth of planar membranes and vesicles, which is solved numerically for different initial conditions. Finally, the range of parameters relevant in experimental situations is discussed.Comment: 13 pages and 5 postscript figures. To appear in Phys. Rev

Suitable classification of mortars from ancient roman and renaissance frescoes using thermal analysis and chemometrics

Background Literature on mortars has mainly focused on the identification and characterization of their components in order to assign them to a specific historical period, after accurate classification. For this purpose, different analytical techniques have been proposed. Aim of the present study was to verify whether the combination of thermal analysis and chemometric methods could be used to obtain a fast but correct classification of ancient mortar samples of different ages (Roman era and Renaissance). Results Ancient Roman frescoes from Museo Nazionale Romano (Terme di Diocleziano, Rome, Italy) and Renaissance frescoes from Sistine Chapel and Old Vatican Rooms (Vatican City) were analyzed by thermogravimetry (TG) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). Principal Component analysis (PCA) on the main thermal data evidenced the presence of two clusters, ascribable to the two different ages. Inspection of the loadings allowed to interpret the observed differences in terms of the experimental variables. Conclusions PCA allowed differentiating the two kinds of mortars (Roman and Renaissance frescoes), and evidenced how the ancient Roman samples are richer in binder (calcium carbonate) and contain less filler (aggregate) than the Renaissance ones. It was also demonstrated how the coupling of thermoanalytical techniques and chemometric processing proves to be particularly advantageous when a rapid and correct differentiation and classification of cultural heritage samples of various kinds or ages has to be carried out

Mechanical behaviour with temperatures of aluminum matrix composites with CNTs

Aluminum is a very useful structural metal employed in different industrial sectors, in particular it is used in large quantities in automotive, aeronautic and nautical industries. The main reasons of its wide use are: a very good oxidation resistance, excellent ductility, low melting temperature (660 °C) and low density (2.71 g/cm3). However, in order to reduce the emissions and fuel consumption is necessary to reduce the overall weight of vehicles by increasing mechanical properties of the structural material. The improvement of mechanical properties is normally achieved through use of reinforcement in materials, used like matrix, in order to improve some specific characteristics. In this work composites of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) dispersed in aluminum were made. The most difficulties in the preparation of this type of composite are represented by the low wettability between metallic matrix and fillers and the possibility of the oxidation of metal during melting with consequent decreasing of mechanical proprieties. The composite was obtained by three consecutive step: the first one is the functionalization of fillers surface to improve the fillers dispersion, the second one is the dispersion of fillers in the matrix by powder mixing and the third one is the melting and casting of the mix prepared. In particular, fillers used are multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with functionalized surface by treatment with a solfonitric solution. Melting and casting are carried out with the aid of an induction furnace with a controlled atmosphere system and centrifugal casting. Argon is the inert gas used to prevent the oxidation of aluminium during fusion. Young’s modulus was evaluated at different temperature and correlated with the different CNTs percentage. The dispersion rate of fillers and the microstructure of the sample were evaluated by FESEM micrograph

Critical properties of Ising model on Sierpinski fractals. A finite size scaling analysis approach

The present paper focuses on the order-disorder transition of an Ising model on a self-similar lattice. We present a detailed numerical study, based on the Monte Carlo method in conjunction with the finite size scaling method, of the critical properties of the Ising model on some two dimensional deterministic fractal lattices with different Hausdorff dimensions. Those with finite ramification order do not display ordered phases at any finite temperature, whereas the lattices with infinite connectivity show genuine critical behavior. In particular we considered two Sierpinski carpets constructed using different generators and characterized by Hausdorff dimensions d_H=log 8/log 3 = 1.8927.. and d_H=log 12/log 4 = 1.7924.., respectively. The data show in a clear way the existence of an order-disorder transition at finite temperature in both Sierpinski carpets. By performing several Monte Carlo simulations at different temperatures and on lattices of increasing size in conjunction with a finite size scaling analysis, we were able to determine numerically the critical exponents in each case and to provide an estimate of their errors. Finally we considered the hyperscaling relation and found indications that it holds, if one assumes that the relevant dimension in this case is the Hausdorff dimension of the lattice.Comment: 21 pages, 7 figures; a new section has been added with results for a second fractal; there are other minor change

Driven low density granular mixtures

We study the steady state properties of a 2D granular mixture in the presence of energy driving by employing simple analytical estimates and Direct Simulation Monte Carlo. We adopt two different driving mechanisms: a) a homogeneous heat bath with friction and b) a vibrating boundary (thermal or harmonic) in the presence of gravity. The main findings are: the appearance of two different granular temperatures, one for each species; the existence of overpopulated tails in the velocity distribution functions and of non trivial spatial correlations indicating the spontaneous formation of cluster aggregates. In the case of a fluid subject to gravity and to a vibrating boundary, both densities and temperatures display non uniform profiles along the direction normal to the wall, in particular the temperature profiles are different for the two species while the temperature ratio is almost constant with the height. Finally, we obtained the velocity distributions at different heights and verified the non gaussianity of the resulting distributions.Comment: 19 pages, 12 figures, submitted for publicatio